Defensible citadel:History and architectural character of the Lahore Railway Station

This study aims to investigate the defensible character of the Lahore railway station built in response to “the war of independence in 1857,” which greatly impacted the location and design of the building. This study demonstrates the integral role played by the railway station in the development of the new colonial city, which the British wants to be defensive in every aspect. Railways were introduced in Pakistan (India) soon after their inauguration in Britain. Beginning from the mode of transportation, the multifaced contribution of railways toward the urban growth, new architectural style, mode of construction, and technology cannot be recanted. The research is based on the documentation and analysis of the history of Lahore railway station design. First, this study uses primary and secondary data to offer a history of the Lahore railway station from its inception to final execution. Second, it explores the criteria adopted by the British for its site selection to make the station a defensible post. The research finding includes the visual features that enhanced the architectural character of the building. Qualitative methods are used including several other approaches, namely, literature review, archival data collection, analysis of photographs, and study of architectural drawings and old maps, to achieve the objectives.     

抗氢合金J75中低∑CSL晶界的形成与演化

以铁镍基抗氢合金J75为研究对象,采用单步形变热处理和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术,研究了低∑CSL晶界的形成和演化过程。结果表明:采用5%预变形+1000℃退火的单步形变热处理方法,可将J75合金中低∑CSL晶界的比例提升至70%以上,形成具有∑3n取向关系的晶粒团簇;退火过程中,低∑CSL晶界比例的提升主要是由于∑3n界面比例的提升,其中∑3占绝大比例。发现一种∑3再生过程,其机制在于:由于∑3ic迁移能力强,在退火过程中与其他∑3相遇会形成∑9晶界,而∑9与∑3相遇,倾向于发生∑9+∑3→∑3,导致∑3的再生;不连续大角度随机晶界(R)与低∑CSL晶界相遇会形成R/∑晶界,当R/∑晶界为低∑CSL晶界时,则构成较多具有低∑CSL晶界的网络,打断了R晶界的连通性。     

Screening various Yarrowia lipolytica strains for citric acid production

Citric acid (CA) productivity by Yarrowia lipolytica dependents on strain type, carbon source, carbon to nitrogen (C/N) molar ratio as well as physicochemical conditions (pH, temperature, oxygen transfer rate, etc.). In the current study, 10 different Y. lipolytica strains were first challenged in shake-flask culture for CA production in a glucose-based media under nitrogen-limited conditions. For the most promising one, strain K57, CA productivity was monitored during culture in batch bioreactor for three initial C/N molar ratio (167, 367, and 567 Cmol/Nmol). The highest CA yield (0.77 g/g glucose), titre (72.3 g/L CA), and productivity (0.04 g/g.h) were found for C/N ratio of 367. However, the highest growth rate was obtained for an initial C/N ratio of 167. From these results, Y. lipolytica strain K57 could be considered to produce CA at higher titre on glucose-based medium in batch bioreactor than others Y. lipolytica strain reported in the literature.     

概念辨析：建筑评论的思辨实践

建筑评论是一项针对具体对象,将目之所及的事物背后不可视的背景、思想、价值判断、驱动力等,转化为可以言说、可以讨论、具有建筑学和文化社会意义的思辨性活动。[1]这项活动的基础工作之一是概念的辨析与运用。因此,在东南大学建筑学院开设的"建筑评论课",通过课程主题的组织,在帮助学生建立多维批评视野的同时,以概念辨析为切入点,通过基于精读、研究的写作训练,实现思辨性思维的培养、学术素养和写作的培训,以及对建筑评论和中国现当代建筑话语的理解。     

European urban culture,Javier de Mesones-Cabello’s planning practice and its legacy in city of Valladolid

Javier de Mesones-Cabello was an influential and active planner of the 1960s and 1970s in Spain, who passed away in December, 2016. His professional career as a self-taught urban planner was extensively linked to his academic and institutional activities. These connections supported the establishment of relationships with prestigious professionals working in urban planning practice. In planning the 1969 masterplan for the city of Valladolid, in Spain, de Mesones-Cabello made several intellectual references to the Greek urban planner Doxiadis. This masterplan covers a relatively unknown example of directional city growth in a European context. My findings elucidate the extent to which de Mesones-Cabello was influenced by Doxiadis, and the circumstances in which these ideas have continued to dominate thinking about Valladolid's urban development.     

Characteristics of pigments,modification, and their functionalities

Novel treatments of pigments with inorganic materials have tremendous industrial and commercial prospects. Specific treatment of pigment has a marked effect on its behavior during application. The treatment allows a broad modification of the surface characteristics of pigment particles which leads to improved functionalities. Surface modification of pigments is achieved via coating, polymerization with modifying reagent, treatment with derivatives or polymers, which alter either the optical, conductivity or dispersibility during processing and application. These and many other distinguishing factors that affect the characteristics of pigments such as the class, crystal structure, particle morphology, particle size, hiding power, pigment volume concentration, surface character, and surface treatment have been reviewed. Various organic pigments such as those from fungus and bacteria, and the various families of pigment types such as metallic pigment, light interference, and diffractive pigments which presents decorative quality such as leafing, nonleafing, pearlscent, and Fabry‐Perot effects on substrates have also been reviewed in addition to those from inorganic sources with emphasis on the structure and physiochemical modifications using metal and nonmetal Ions.     

活血类中成药在心肌梗死后心脏修复中的作用

心肌梗死是高发病率、高死亡率的一种心血管疾病，严重危害人类健康，梗死后不良的修复方式很大程度影响了人们的生活质量，科学家们一直致力于探索心肌梗死后修复的治疗方式，争取心肌梗死患者最佳的预后。活血类中成药对于心肌梗死的治疗历史悠久，可多靶点、多环节、多途径降低心肌梗死后心肌损伤，促进心脏功能修复，本文主要对几种具有代表性的活血类中成药近几年来在心肌梗死后心脏修复中的药理作用以及临床研究进展进行总结，为中医药治疗急性心肌梗死提供科学依据。     

浅析新媒体文化传播与实践

随着信息技术的不断发展,互联网、手机、数字电视等新媒体出现在我们的视野中,这不仅丰富了人们的日常生活,同时也给文化传播创造了便利。通过新媒体的融合应用,文化传播在内容和形式上有了新的突破,文化传播范围也得到了进一步扩大,面向世界范围进行传播和交流,文化传播内容更加丰富多彩,不仅满足受众精神需求,而且为促进文化产业发展奠定基础。重点就新媒体文化传播与实践进行研究分析,以供参考和借鉴。     

Empirical Analysis of Agricultural Cultural Resources Value Evaluation under DEA Model

Agricultural culture is a productive activity about education and management. It aims at high efficiency and high quality, uses technology as its means, and takes nature as its carrier. Agricultural cultural resources are the product of the rapid development of modern economy. It promotes the development of the national economy and profoundly affects people's production and life. DEA model, also known as data envelope analysis method, is an algorithm that uses multiple data decision units for input and output training to obtain the final model. This article explains the concept and basic characteristics of agricultural culture. Through questionnaire surveys and expert interviews, we collected development data, screened human, material, and financial data, and calculated information on economic and social resources. On this basis, this paper establishes the evaluation index of agricultural culture based on DEA model. Then, through empirical analysis from a specific perspective, it can be concluded that increasing human, material and financial input can achieve economic and social benefits. Generally speaking, cultural investment can promote the development of the industry. The research results of this paper laid a theoretical foundation for the development of agricultural culture, and put forward a development model focusing on technology development, improving investment efficiency, and investing in material resources.